Our country should be how to deal with the fourth industrial revolution
New technology revolution, often will significantly change the course of industry and social progress. In many areas, the former technology, talent accumulation, will lose its inherent by the change of technology and the important status and value of emerging countries and developed countries often, so I stand on the same starting line in many field.
In today‘s China, how to maximize grasp the historical opportunity brought by the industrial revolution? More consistent view is that innovation is the fundamental way out, to technology innovation, business model innovation, system innovation, organization innovation to a new level, such as driving all segments of society to keep up with the pace of the fourth industrial revolution.
For the fourth time the industrial revolution, the era, is a highly open and sharing will be a world flowers, bright era in the field of innovation.
Founder of the world economy BBS schwab thinks, the fourth industrial revolution has come, it will be a profound change in systemic. So, what are the characteristics of the fourth industrial revolution? What it means to Chinese? How can we catch the opportunity of the fourth industrial revolution, achieve the revival of the Chinese nation? On these issues, the reporter interviews the dong-hong li, vice President of the global industry research institute, tsinghua university.
Technological innovation in the field of more concentrated
Since entering the new century, especially in the recent ten years, subversive feature of the new technology, a major breakthrough in the field of multiple industries, accompanied by a lot of commercial application of the blowout, or let people see the good application prospect.
In the face of rising wave of new technology, a general consensus is that is making a new industrial revolution. In the systematically combed the middle of the 18th century since the industrial revolution after every big technological change, more and more people in the society tend to think of the big changes due to "the fourth industrial revolution". Dong-hong li said.
Dong-hong li believes that similar with the previous three times industrial revolution, the fourth industrial revolution characteristic is: first make great progress on technology innovation, is profoundly changing the human production and life way of status, and quality, will no doubt to the social progress up to a new level.
At the same time, the fourth industrial revolution has another significant feature: unlike any past the industrial revolution, it is hard to simply it comes down to a common technical breakthrough innovation, such as the first industrial revolution of the steam engine technology, the second industrial revolution electrification and pipeline technology and computer and digital technology of the third industrial revolution. This time, in many fields of advanced technology for significant characteristics. Such as new materials, new energy technology, digital technology, artificial intelligence, machine learning technology, biological engineering technology, 3 d printing, etc., have achieved unprecedented breakthrough. These landmark technological progress, not only promote the existing industry‘s rapid development and upgrading, created many new industries, and is widely used in other related industries, drive the development of the whole society. New materials technology breakthrough, for example, led to include chemical, mechanical, electronic, aviation, medical, energy, construction and other large industries; Big data application technology breakthrough, brought including manufacturing, retail, finance, education and other historical change of almost all industries, and so on.
World economic BBS chairman Klaus schwab in his book the fourth industrial revolution, is given which includes embedded technology, digital identity, such as visual become the new interface, 23 major technological changes. Every technological change, which will be an enormous actuation directly to the whole social progress, and bring a series of new opportunities.
The fourth industrial revolution will shuffle the deck in the world?
Dong-hong li said that the progress of human society, has always been a history of the world with one development. Thousands of years before the first industrial revolution, China is the world within the scope of a strong leader. British scholar Peter marsh investigation found that in 1750, China in the global manufacturing output accounted for about a third.
Originated in Britain‘s industrial revolution for the first time, makes the manufacturing in the UK as the core are organized on a large scale, narrowing the gap with China western European countries. In particular, the British finally catch up with and surpass the Chinese, the most power to become the world‘s economic power.
In the second industrial revolution, as the main origins of the United States, to take this opportunity to more than the British, become the new leading powers. In this stage, a few countries such as Europe and the United States leads the world common pattern formation in other countries. In the third industrial revolution, America‘s international competitiveness promoted further, continue to keep the leading position in the world.
Japan, in the first decades of the third industrial revolution achieved great development, among the world powers. At the same time, the concept of western developed countries is generally accepted around the world, Europe and the United States, the developed countries in decades so far maintained a relatively dominant position in the global range.
After the first industrial revolution, the pace of China‘s development significantly slower than western countries, and finally catch up with and surpass by many western countries, a process that occurs in the modern China. Powers with economic and military dominance over the same period of China‘s invasion, which makes China‘s economic development. Dong-hong li, said after the founding of new China, we have been efforts to catch up, in order to fully improve the competitiveness of China in the world, build corresponding powers. After the founding of new China, our country in a relatively short time built up a very complete industrial system, which is in pursuit of the western developed countries in the process of construction of an important achievements.
Since 30 years after reform and opening up, with the continued evolution of the third industrial revolution, China‘s efforts to give a full play to the superiority of the reform of dividend, demographic dividend, etc, in all aspects of economic development greatly reducing the gap between the with the western developed countries, as the world‘s second largest economy, and in some industries to catch up with and even surpassed the level of developed countries.
Dong-hong li argues that, in the face of the fourth industrial revolution, Europe and the United States developed countries, there is no doubt to fully grasp the historic opportunity, exert their in high-end technology, high-end talent and brand advantages, has been formed accumulate efforts to maintain the leading position in a new round of global economic growth, even hope to expand and consolidate the dominant position. Wisdom in their view, factories, the advent of the era of intelligent manufacturing, making cheap labor declined significantly in the position in production and manufacturing, manufacturing will return to rich countries, with high-tech technology, high-tech talent in developed countries will once again fully occupies the dominant position in the industry development, the plight of low skill labor will face a massive loss of a job, the gap between developed countries and developing countries would therefore increase, a country within the scope of the gap between the rich and the poor will also may increase.
For all the developing countries, including China, obviously not fully accept the above understanding, catch up with the developed countries of the world‘s leading goal and the effort has never been shaken. In fact, the new technological revolution, often will significantly change the course of industry and social progress. In many areas, the former technology, talent accumulation, will lose its inherent by the change of technology and the important status and value of emerging countries and developed countries often, so I stand on the same starting line in many field. Dong-hong li said, before further, some of the leading countries, by path dependence is difficult to grasp some new opportunities, late-development country but may prove to be more effective for lightly stepped forward.
Seize the fourth is the key to innovation of the industrial revolution
Needless to say, who can better grasp the opportunities brought about by the industrial revolution for the fourth time, who will get better and faster development, for all countries in the world, are the same. The problem is that different countries can seize the opportunity of number limited, the degree of different countries hold the same opportunities also exist differences. Then, as after reform and opening up the economy sustained and rapid growth, has been at the top of the world‘s second largest economy in today‘s China, how to maximize grasp the historic opportunity brought by the industrial revolution?
Dong-hong li, said a consensus view is that innovation is the fundamental way out, to technology innovation, business model innovation, system innovation, organization innovation to a new level, such as driving all segments of society to keep up with the pace of the fourth industrial revolution.
So, how to realize such a consensus on the ground? With innovation to grasp the opportunities brought by the fourth industrial revolution of the inner logic and specific strategic path and the what? Dong-hong li said that each country‘s political, economic, social and technology condition is different, have their own advantages. Based on its advantages to choose appropriate innovation strategy, is an important logical starting point to grasp the historical opportunity.
First of all, to play the rich industrial foundation, important kinds of multiple levels of large capacity of China‘s market demand, the two obvious advantages, looking for technical innovation is more breakthrough and the innovation of the whole industrial system.
On the one hand, our country is a big industrial nations, after the founding of new China we established a complete system of the industrial sector, and after decades of development has accumulated a very solid foundation, which is unmatched by most countries around the world. But a remarkable feature of the fourth industrial revolution, is the multiple areas of advanced technology. Therefore, from the perspective of the supply side, our country has entirely in the following two aspects: the basis of making innovation breakthrough first, not in the field of one or two, but may be in multiple areas, realization of key technology to catch up with; Second, is not only a number of industrial applications, more is to play integration advantages, to achieve the systematic innovation of industrial system.
, on the other hand, not only among the top of the world population in our country, and after the reform and opening up 30 years of economic development, has brought the enormous growth of the disposable income of residents in our country. Superposition of the two factors, in many products and industries in our country, has the world‘s largest real or potential market, in particular, the huge population for revenue growth brought about by the consumer upgrades, many in the field of high-end market scale has become very substantial, there exists a lot of field supply gap. Thus, from the perspective of the demand side, China‘s domestic market alone, is sufficient to provide many new technologies, new products in the field of sufficient market demand space, not to mention there are quite a capacity potential on the international market. At the same time, the development between regions and between urban and rural areas in our country there are a lot of unbalance, which makes our country to many industries of high, medium and low all products at the same time provide a large number of market space, which to a certain extent, for the continuity of technological progress provides the guarantee on the market demand. Those in low - and meet the market demand of enterprise originally, spiral can be realized completely, in meet the demand of current market access to capital and technology accumulation, on the basis of obtained meet the needs of more high-end technology progress, so to high-end climbing.
Next, want to play in the national game, resource mobilization and conformity ability strong advantage, centralized superior resources to seek more and of the innovation of industrial system.
Relative to Europe and the United States, and other developed countries, our country has its own system and system advantage, to clear the top design under the guidance of concentrate resources to accomplish large undertakings, to realize the whole country efficiently around a common goal to promote specific work. Therefore, on the market in the allocation of resources to play a leading role at the same time, we try to get the advantage into play, the top design, based on the key technical breakthrough and to plan as a whole, guide the related work, to establish all kinds of resources agglomeration, maximum utility and obtain necessary to return a long-term mechanism, to guide the funds required to key areas, the core technology innovation, talent, such as implement large-scale local agglomeration, this will help our country in several of the fourth industrial revolution technology, better catch up quickly and led.
From this perspective, more breakthrough and the innovation of the industrial system, is not to blossom everywhere and every small area industrial system for disruptive change, sprinkle pepper type is, after all, is unable to realize the innovation and breakthrough. Multipoint breakthrough, we need special emphasis on innovation resources into together, focusing on some areas, to grasp the fourth industrial revolution can take advantage of China‘s industrial base and market advantage areas, some key techniques for the core technology development and application of a historic breakthrough. And of the innovation of industrial system, more emphasis on industrial innovation among elements of the ecosystem, each link, each department‘s strong support and efficient coordination mechanism. Therefore, selectively on several key technology, the critical path, the innovation of the historic breakthrough in key links and so on, is our strategic choice. This request, from basic research to applied research, and subsequent technology development and product development, to provide, focusing on the comprehensive development at the same time, especially for breakthroughs in key points.
Again, to play the open, inclusive, and positive cultural advantage, take innovation in the eclectic commanding heights. Opened since reform and opening-up, our country actively, actively introduce foreign capital, technology, talent and management, our country all walks of life, both in a positive and open attitude modesty to learn from the leader in the global range, and from different countries and different areas of study to the knowledge and skills, combined with China‘s market demand for innovation, so as to realize the in including orbit transportation, telecommunications equipment, and other fields of corner overtaking. We advocate the spirit and dedication to work, often is more and more effort and study, and achieved one after another technology breakthrough. The past made brilliant achievements in our country is an important support strength, has become an important part of Chinese excellent culture.
Dong-hong li said, the fourth industrial revolution, will be a highly open and sharing era, will be a world flowers, bright era in the field of innovation. In concentrate superior forces, mainly through their power to seek breakthrough of technical innovation at the same time, we need a more open attitude in the face of the new development of global and timely follow up the progress of technological change in other countries, learn quickly and turn it into our knowledge system; Need large-scale introduction of talented people, gathered a batch of and a number of countries around the world top talent in the service of our country‘s innovation work; All kinds of domestic and foreign enterprises and organizations need to build our country enterprise cooperation platform, in the cooperative innovation, sharing innovation to seek the breakthrough of technology innovation.
